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Natives Land Act, 1913
The Natives Land Act, 1913 (subsequently renamed Bantu Land Act, 1913 and Black Land Act, 1913; Act No. 27 of 1913) was an act of the Parliament of South Africa aimed at regulating the acquisition of land by "natives", i.e. black people. The Act formed an important part of the system of Apartheid and is of importance for both legal and historical reasons.
==Overview of the Act==
The Natives Land Act of 1913〔"(19 June 1913 Native Land Act )", ''This day in history'', publish date unknown (accessed 20 December 2007).〕 was the first major piece of segregation legislation passed by the Union Parliament. It was replaced by the current policy of land restitution. The act decreed that only certain areas of the country could be owned by natives. These areas initially totaled less than 10% of the entire land mass of the Union, later expanded to 13%.〔Collins, Robert O. and James M. Burns: ''A History of Sub-Saharan Africa'', page 346. Cambridge University Press, 2007〕
This land was in "native reserve" areas, which meant it was under "communal" tenure vested in African chiefs, and could not be bought, sold or used as surety. Outside of these areas, and perhaps of even greater significance for black farming, the Act forbade black tenant farming on white-owned land - since large numbers of black farmers were share croppers or labor tenants, this had a devastating effect although its full implementation was not immediate. The Act therefore strengthened the chiefs, who were part of the state administration while forcing large numbers in the "white" areas into wage labour.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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